Batting Data x 2004 - 2006 - 2007 Seasons Note - injured during 2005 Season x x "Brett drives that ball well into the gap in leftfield! ... the fielder is going back but it's over his head! ... and it's bounces and the ball goes over the wall! ... Roneberg again shows his power to the opposite field and has a ground rule double giving the Curve a runner in scoring position here in the first innings" x Brett, just after he hit his ground-rule double to left-centrefield!!!

The following information was obtained from

and click on the logo to go to the Official Web Site

BABIP - Batting Average for Balls in Play
A hitter's BABIP describes the proportion of balls in play that result in hits
The average BABIP is usually around .300 at the major league level, but the league average can be as high as .340 in some of the lower minor leagues
Although BABIP is a repeatable skill to some degree, an unusually high or low BABIP is usually an indicator of good or bad luck
BABIP = (H-HR)/(AB-HR-SO)

BB% - Walks per Plate Appearance
Walk rate describes the proportion of plate appearances (or batters faced, from a pitcher's perspective) that result in walk
BB% = BB / PA

GB% - Groundball Percentage
Groundball percentage describes the proportion of batted balls that are hit on the ground
These rates are fairly stable for both pitchers and hitters
GB% = GB / Batted Balls

GPA - Gross Production Average
GPA was developed as an alternative to OPS because on base percentage should be weighted more heavily than slugging percentage
GPA is also scaled in a way that makes it easy to interpret
Like batting average, a GPA over .300 is good while a GPA under .250 is not good
GPA = ((OBP * 1.8) + SLG) / 4

ISOP - Isolated Power
Isolated Power is a pure measure of a hitter's power
Only doubles, triples, and home runs contribute to a batter's ISOP
Most productive batters' ISOP is somewhere between .150 and .200, but elite sluggers can produce ISOP of .300 and greater
ISOP = SLG - BA

K% - Strikeouts per Plate Appearance
Strikeout rate describes the proportion of plate appearances (or batters faced, from a pitcher's perspective) that result in strikeout
K% = K / PA

LD% - Line Drive Percentage
Line drive percentage describes the proportion of batted balls that are categorized as line drives
LD% = LD / Batted Balls

OBP - On Base Percentage
OBP is a common statistic that describes how frequently a batter reaches base.
OBP = (H + BB + HBP) / (AB + BB + HBP + SF)

OPS - On Base Plus Slugging
OPS is a convenient way to estimate a batter's total offensive production; it is simply OBP plus SLG
OPS is often criticized for undervaluing OBP
Although there are more accurate ways to evaluate a player's or team's offesnive production, OPS is easy to calculate and is highly correlated with run production
OPS = OBP + SLG

RC - Runs Created
Runs Created estimates the number of runs a batter contributed to his team's offense
Bill James created several versions of runs created, and we use a basic version that includes stolen bases
Runs created per 27 outs, or RC/27, is an estimate of how many runs a lineup of one player would score over a full game (27 outs)
RC = ( (H + BB - CS) * (TB + (0.55 * SB) ) ) / (AB + BB)

SLG - Slugging Percentage
A hitter's slugging percentage describes the total bases achieved per an at bat
It is the most commonly-used estimate for a batter's power and is the "S" in OPS
It is not, however, a pure measure of a batter's power because it is highly correlated with batting average (see ISOP)
SLG = TB / AB

wOBA - Weighted On Base Average
This represents a player's offensive value by scaling linear weights in a way that resembles OBP
In general, a major league wOBA around .340 is average and a wOBA of .400 is very good
wOBA is featured prominently in "The Book"
wOBA = (0.72 BB + 0.75 HBP + 0.90 1B + 0.92 RBOE + 1.24 2B + 1.56 3B + 1.95 HR) / PA

The following information was obtained from

and click on the logo to go to the Official Web Site

BABIP - Batting Average on Balls In Play
This is calculated as follows: (H-HR)/(AB-K-HR)
It is often used as a measure of luckiness, especially for pitchers
Most BABIPs eventually settle in the .280 - .310 range, so a batter with a BABIP much above that may be getting lucky, while a pitcher with a BABIP above that may be very unlucky

Batted Ball Types
The last six categories provide batted-ball data (for both outs and hits), as follows:
----------G: Ground balls
----------L: Line drives
----------F: Fly Balls
----------P: Pop flies
----------B: Bunts
----------U: Unknown
Most of the time, a batted-ball type is unknown when a play results in an error on an outfielder
I assume that most unknowns are line drives or fly balls, but the number is small enough to remain fairly unimportant

C & L - Close and Late
A situation is "close and late" if it is the seventh inning or later and the batting team is either
----------leading by one run;
----------tied; or
----------trailing, with the tying run on base, at the plate, or on deck

OPS - On Base Plus Slugging
On-base percentage (OBP) Plus Slugging percentage (SLG)

RISP - Runners in Scoring Position

Park Adj
Stat line adjusted for a league-neutral park
For more about how I adjust stat lines, click here
The park factors I am currently using are here

MLE - Minor League Equivalency
Adjusted for league, this line suggests how the player might do at the Major League level, based on his Minor League performance
For more on how MLEs are calculated, click here